Saturday, November 23, 2013

A great talk about simple laws that govern growth

I especially like the part starting at 9.3 min. where he talks about how cities are network:
"cities are network and the most important network of cities is you. Cities are just a physical manifestation of your interactions, our interactions, and the clustering and grouping of individuals"
However, a word of warning: read the comments and the critical discussion! 
"Physicist Geoffrey West has found that simple, mathematical laws govern the properties of cities -- that wealth, crime rate, walking speed and many other aspects of a city can be deduced from a single number: the city's population. In this mind-bending talk from TEDGlobal he shows how it works and how similar laws hold for organisms and corporations.

Physicist Geoffrey West believes that complex systems from organisms to cities are in many ways governed by simple laws -- laws that can be discovered and analyzed."




Thursday, October 03, 2013

2 unrelated figures: edX Moocs and 1/3 of students who didn't have any cognitive cain

Right now, we are probably living some of the most interesting moments in education since years, maybe even since all my life. At least it feels like it, after having worked with technology enhanced learning since 2000.

I was just reading the TIME magazine and these two figures popped up. One is related to MOOCs, Massive Open Online Courses, a single phenomena that since 2008 seems to be raddling the entire model of Higher Education institutions. MOOCs are providing access to higher education: without entry requirements, without cost and at a massive scale. This figure is from MIT
the edX platform we launched with Harvard 17 months ago has enrolled 1.25 million unique learners—10 times the number of living MIT graduates. Read more
Ain't that just insane? I really love how well the figure, "10 times the number of...." represents the scale and what kind of potential is there to enable access to good quality content through MOOCs.

And here is the other figure that  caught my eye, this is related to the cost of Higher Education in the US, nothing to do with MOOCs.
36% of college graduates had not shown any significant cognitive gains over four years. Read more
Just imagine, these are people who pay for their education. And those are the prices that people pay in the US, not in Finland! ...it's amazing how little ownership people take of their learning... This is the dark side of the moon - really. The bright side, it's the MOOCs and how they demonstrate that there are takers for good learning opportunities!

The unfortunate thing is, what studies will probably find out later, is that most ppl who take a MIT MOOC are already well educated and do it just out of curiosity or as a hobby. They never probably were the ones who were deprived from good educational opportunities in the first place.







Friday, September 13, 2013

US Common core state standards and OER that travels well



I've followed the US Common core state standards (CCSS) initiative (http://www.corestandards.org) with some interest. It's not so much from the point of view of harmonising eduction or setting the same standards across the nation, but I'm more interested in it from the Open Educational Resources (OER) point of view.
One of the main problems for educators who want to use OER as part of their lessons is to find good resources that match their curriculum needs at the moment. Interestingly, the US has the same problem here as we have in Europe: each state/country has their own standards, curriculum topics and descriptions. Additionally, in each state/country topics are taught at different times, in somewhat varying order, etc. (and I'm not touching the issue of different styles of instruction/pedagogy here). This makes it almost impossible to find resources related to a certain curriculum topic from the different state/country. Why? Because the metadata descriptions on which many of the search mechanisms rely upon (at least in repositories and referatories) and their meaning differ from state/country to another. In other words, there is little semantic interoperability.
Let's take an example of mathematics and a targeted competency that is described in the national curriculum. It could be formulated as "Pupils know the symbol rules for whole and rational numbers". In Spain, this is only taught at the first year secondary school when students are 13 years old. But in Finland, this is taught in primary school when students are 12 years old. (NOTE, this is only an illustrative example, I'm totally making the specs up). So the Spanish learning resource which teaches "symbol rules for whole and rational numbers" is described in metadata using "secondary education" and 13-14 years, whereas the Finnish one is described in metadata using "primary education" and 11-12 years. So when the Spanish teacher uses her search criteria relevant to her national curriculum, she will totally miss the Finnish piece OER on the same topic because of lack of semantic interoperability.

From the metadata and search point of view, the CCSS initiative has  put the finger on things (i.e. curriculum topics) that are common across the states and also helps increase semantic interoperability across the stats. I came across an example of this at OER Commons. They use CCSS in their metadata to tag resources that originate from different states but that comply to certain given CCSS topics. See the example here: http://www.oercommons.org/browse/collection/common-core-reference-collection.

Another interesting commonality that I see with CCSS and OER in Europe is related to my previous work on finding OER that "travel well" (see for example here). Basically, in Europe, not all the OER are interesting for sharing across the borders, but only the ones that are useful to others (e.g. curriculum match). But how do we sort out the useful ones from the less useful ones? The CCSS work has figured that out in an interesting way. 

Now, what could we do in Europe? If you have ideas on that, I'll be interested in hearing :)

 

Thursday, August 08, 2013

Concerted effort for learning materials

It is really interesting to see how governmental initiatives are picking up on creating educational material, mostly nowadays OER. An announcement by U.S. Secretary of Education at the Global Education Summit
... we're poised to make the first free, U.S. government-funded digital learning materials—designed to improve postsecondary training in high-demand careers—available for use and improvement. We're excited to see how providers around the globe use and customize these materials for the needs of their learners.
The report that he mentions:
A NEW FACE OF EDUCATIONBRINGING TECHNOLOGY INTO THE CLASSROOM IN THEDEVELOPING WORLD



Friday, July 19, 2013

A great way to recognise non-formal learning through open padges

Chicago is incorporating learning into summer youth programming through partnerships with youth-serving organizations, museums and cultural institutions, philanthropists, businesses and citizens by exploring the themes of Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM) learning. This represents the first-ever citywide implementation of a badge ecosystem.
 Read more...

Friday, July 12, 2013

Hypecycle and MOOCs

A good article on the hype around MOOCs
“It would be a tragedy if you substituted MOOCs in their current form for regular courses,” she said in an interview. “But it would be a creative breakthrough if you take advantage of MOOCs and other forms of online coverage to make more space and more time for students to apply concepts and methods appropriate to their field to real problems.”

Tuesday, July 09, 2013

A MIT course certificate from a "fully automated" course

This is an interesting development of MOOCs - a "fully automated course"!
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), one of the world's top-rated universities, has announced its first free course which can be studied and assessed completely online.
There are already online degree courses, but the MIT proposal is unusual in that it is inviting students anywhere in the world, without charge or prior entrance requirements, to study for a certificate carrying the MIT brand.

...the MITx version has been designed for online students, with a virtual laboratory, e-textbooks, online discussions and videos that are the equivalent of a lecture. It is expected to take 10 hours per week and will run until June.
More
When I first read it, I thought that there won't be any teaching or assessment work required from the teacher, but I guess it wasn't that automated after all.

Friday, June 28, 2013

One Laptop Per Child News report on a downturn of their success

Since 2009, I've been following quite closely what's happened with 1:1 computing initiatives. One reason of course was that I managed a large-scale implementation in Europe on netbooks and I needed to know what's working in the field and what not. The OLPC project was always something that was an inspiration, but also to a certain degree, a worry.

With our project, we really quickly realised that although both projects were working on enabling students' access to ICT devices, our goals were rather different. Whereas the OPLC project was about reading, writing and arithmetic (i.e. replace bad teachers or the lack of teachers in general), our project was not about substituting teachers, but about changing pedagogical models in schools.

In a recent article on OLPC news, the downturn of OLPC was discussed. I found the following passage an interesting remark which fits with our own feelings of OLPC - it was always hard to find any supporting evidence for their really appealing storyline.

The underlying core issue was - and continues to be - that OLPC never bothered to invest in building supportive evidence for its own narrative about the impact of its work. This makes it easy to (rightfully or wrongfully) criticize the project and gives OLPC precious few solid arguments to counter with. - See more

Sunday, June 02, 2013

Can German dual-education system become an export item?

The PISA study is often used to evaluate the success of a national education system - something that makes every Finn (e.g. me) very proud of our education system. But how do we know that the PISA study is evaluating the right thing? The fact that the youth unemployment figures hit high numbers in many European countries begs the question - are the national education systems providing the youth with right skills to survive in today's and tomorrow's world? And on the other hand, is the labour market doing its part to provide jobs for the youth? 

The Economist had an article on the topic, namely, it looked at the dual-education system in some of the European countries:
With youth unemployment in Germany and Austria below 8% against 56% in Spain and 38% in Italy, Mrs von der Leyen [Germany’s labour minister] has won Europe’s attention. Germany recently signed memoranda with Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain to help set up vocational-education systems. 

Interestingly, we do not hear often talks about German's education system in conjunction with the PISA results ( results in 2009 were not statistically significantly different from the OECD average, but read this one for more). But when the youth unemployment is discussed, Germany is often mentioned with its below EU average rate.
The myth of an educational paradise also starts to crumble when we take a look at the job market: In October 2010 Finland had a youth unemployment rate at 20 per cent. (a quote from this paper)

The Economist's article offers some interesting insights and recent studies in the field, but also points to a sort of a warning at the end against the idea that the education system alone can do miracles:
Yet the system existed in the 1990s, when Germany was the “sick man of Europe” and had high unemployment. German success today surely owes more to its labour-market and welfare reforms of a decade ago and to unions’ wage restraint. In an ageing and shrinking population, demography also helps, as fewer German graduates choose among more open jobs.


Monday, May 27, 2013

Workshop preparations for "Open Education 2030: Exploiting the Potential of OER for School Education"

I'm preparing for a foresight workshop on the topic of  “Open Education 2030: Exploiting the Potential of OER for School Education”. It will be organised at the IPTS in Seville - and I'm already here!

So, my IDEAL vision on “Open Education 2030” is the following:
In 2030, Open Education Resources are not only considered as content, but people and their networks make an important contribution to opening up education through better online and offline collaboration opportunities.
Here are a few words of my background and what I want to bring to the workshop.
Since 2000, I have been involved with the topic of digital learning resources, back in the day they were often called Learning Objects. I’ve worked on various aspects ranging 

  • from  metadata (e.g. application profiles and multilingual vocabularies to describe learning resources, different standards) 
  • to issues related with the quality of learning resources (e.g. review mechanism by experts and end-users, rating & tagging) and  
  • with findability of resources (e.g. search across multi-lingual federation of repositories, recommendation systems, social navigation). 
  • I’ve also extensively worked with school teachers in various European countries on the use and reuse issues around learning resources and on exchanging good practices.
With the usage issue in Europe, the idea of cross-boundary use of learning resources is a less researched area - and in my opinion, one of the most crucial one. We tend to take it for granted that school teachers can, and want to, use and reuse learning resources that are in a language other than their mother tongue is and/or originate from different countries than they do. In addition to lingual and national boundaries, there are also the local curriculum and educational/school cultures that set boundaries. We now know that some resources travel-well, meaning that they cross these boundaries more easily than others, but more work needs to be done to make sure that these resources are readily foundable and accessible to all with a good community structure around that supports the reuse in new educational contexts (see the links below for references).

As mentioned, my vision of education in 2030 relies heavily on the idea of networks, being networked and how social influence is passed through such interactions among individuals (e.g. learners, teachers). Last year, as part of one project that I managed, we published a neat booklet called “Teacher networks”. As part of the book, we also elaborated visions on how teaching profession would look like in 2025.

Some links to references:

Inspirational videos/websites for education in 2030:
•          Sugata Mitra: Build a School in the Cloud 
•          Daphne Koller: What we're learning from online education 
•          Duolingo (a free language-learning website and crowdsourced text translation platform): 

Wednesday, May 08, 2013

Survey from schools in Europe: teachers' and students' confidence in ICT related tasks

This really interesting study came out earlier this year about the use of ICTs in schools across Europe. I was really intrigued by the issue around the confidence in ICT related tasks. Here are a few bits to ponder...

The survey asked teachers and students in different levels of education (Grade 4, 8, 11 in general education and 11 in vocational education) about their confidence in performing 20
ICT-related tasks.   
  • In general, they can be divided into operational skills and social media skills
  • The survey finds out that 
    • teachers' operational skills, when averaging out across education, are at 3 and social media skills are at 2.4 (1 being "none" and 4 being "a lot"
    • students' operational skills, when averaging out across education, are at 2.8 and social media skills are at 2.6 (1 being "none" and 4 being "a lot") . For details, see the paper!!
What surprises me is that students do not estimate having such high confidence in their own skills! In general, and on contrary to what we usually think, teachers still seem to have more confidence in their own ICT-related operational skills than students do! 


Wastiau, P., Blamire, R., Kearney, C., Quittre, V., Van de Gaer, E. and Monseur, C. (2013), The Use of ICT in Education: a survey of schools in Europe. European Journal of Education, 48: 11–27. doi: 10.1111/ejed.12020

ICWL conference, submission deadline extended (May 10 and 17!)

ICWL is an annual international conference on web-based learning. This year it is taking place on 6-9 October 2013, in Kenting, Taiwan http://icwl2013.tajen.edu.tw
  • Abstract submission deadline: May 10, 2013 (Extended)
  • Paper submission deadline: May 17, 2013 (Extended)

*CALL FOR PAPERS*

The conference program consists of high quality technical papers that are reviewed and selected by an international program committee. Papers are solicited on all technical aspects of web-based learning and related technologies, including but not limited to the following topics:
  • Personalized and Adaptive Learning
  • Computer Support for Intelligent Tutoring
  • Intelligent Tools for Visual Learning
  • Web-based Learning for Oriental Languages Learning
  • Game-based Learning
  • Personal Learning Environments (PLE)
  • Computer Supported Collaborative Learning
  • Web 2.0 and Social Learning Environments
  • HTML5 Web-based Learning
  • Intelligent Learner and Group Modeling
  • Learning Analytics
  • Human Factors and Affective Computing for Learning
  • E-Learning Platforms and Tools
  • Design, Model and Framework of e-Learning Systems
  • Deployment, Organization and Management of Learning Objects
  • E-Learning Metadata and Standards
  • Semantic Web and Ontologies for E-learning
  • Mobile, Situated and Blended Learning
  • Cloud-based Learning
  • Pedagogical Issues
  • Practice and Experience Sharing
The submission web page is:http://www.easychair.org/conferences/?conf=icwl2013.

Thursday, April 04, 2013

No wonder teachers love technology! - a nice way to tell the story

This is a really nice way to tell the results of an interesting study.

Mind you, I didn't properly check the study set-up, who was surveyed and how. I was right away compelled by the visual representation of the story and felt like sharing it ;)


What do we Know Infographic

Attribution to OnlineUniversities.com 

Thursday, March 21, 2013

Open Review to enhance qualtiy of e-learning

I have a honor to serve in the Editorial Board of INNOQUAL, the International Journal for Innovation and Quality in Learning. Why I'm specially interested in this journal is that it is an open access and open peer-reviewed journal!

So now you can also contribute a review, how cool is that? The INNOQUAL inaugural journal will be published in April 2013 and you are encouraged to openly comment on our discussion papers, which are candidates for the issue.

Read the short guidelines here: http://innoqual.efquel.org/discussion-paper/

About the International Journal for Innovation and Quality and in Learning
It provides an international perspective on the theory and practice of innovation and quality in the field of learning at all educational levels and in all training contexts. It focuses on the relation between innovation and quality in education. INNOQUAL seeks contributions which discuss how technology can contribute to innovate and enhance the quality of learning.

eTwinning and citizenship: Panel discussion

The annual eTwinning conference took place in Lisbon last week. This event gathers together around 500 new and already established eTwinners to celebrate the success of last years' project collaboration, to network and to learn new ideas in workshops.

During the last day, I moderated a panel discussion on eTwinning and how it links with citizenship and school collaboration in general, and on the impact of eTwinning. You can find a blog post about the panel at the conference blog: http://conference2013.etwinning.net/panel-discussion-reflections-on-etwinning/.
Untitled  Untitled

I also co-moderated two PD workshop on Online groups with Irene Pateraki who runs one of the most successful eTwinning Group and with Brian Holmes who had studied eTwinning Online Events for his PhD . I will post a link to the presentations shortly.

Untitled

Monday, March 11, 2013

Network visualisations of LLP project organisations

This visualisation allows you to see how a number of European organisations (about one thousand) are connected to each other through the involvement in the LLP programmes between 2006-2009.

Below you can explore the data. The first image is a static image and it shows how the institutions are clustered. We can see that there is lots of small clusters and one major one.

 LLP projects and networks connecting organisations

In the live image below, you should be able to zoom into the image and explore the clusters (note, you need a mouse for that!).

Once the report becomes public, I will share more about it.  In case it does not work, here is the link to ManyEyes: http://www-958.ibm.com/software/data/cognos/manyeyes/visualizations/llp-projects-and-networks-connecti-2.

Friday, March 08, 2013

The future of learning: Get on with it by Sugata Mitra

Hands down, Sugata Mitra is the most inspiring person in education today, as he was yesterday and will be in the future. I have no doubt about it. Period.

I've had a pleasure to see his talks twice, the first time in spring 2008 and the last time in winter 2010. At both times, it also happened that we had some time to talk together. Those talks have been so formative to me.

To give an example, the first time I met him it was in a shady hotel bar in Romania. He was the keynote speaker of the event, and when my colleague introduced us, I had no idea who this small, round-faced Indian man was. I had not looked at the programme, I had not heard the buzz and anyway, I was not expecting too much.

With a couple of moments he had my full attention, he was telling me that he was a physicist  - we were in an education conference! And that he considered kids self-organising themselves around a computer when learning like electrons self-organise around atom's nucleus. I loved the idea! And the next day, I loved his talk! I still have a recording of it somewhere. Some years later, so it goes, self-organising appeared as a central theme of my doctoral thesis!

Enjoy the talk!
Ps. I found another posting that I wrote about him in 2008 at FlossePosse with the recording.

Tuesday, March 05, 2013

The use of atlas vs. google maps - discussion

You might have heard this type of argumentation before:
"the state of the ICT use in school is so outdated. My kids still need to use an atlas in school to find the Sahara desert, whereas at home they just use google maps". 

Yesterday, while listening to a panel discussion at the event called "Filling the gaps: e-Skills & Education for Digital Jobs - Launch of a Grand Coalition for Digital Jobs", this argument, once again, was used to blame, among other things, the skills shortage in IT industry.

I find myself getting slightly annoyed when people use this type of argumentation. For one thing, I find, they usually are people who make these blanket statements about the state of the ICT use in schools only based on what happens in their own kids' schools. But that's besides my main point which is that both using an atlas and google maps to find out where the Sahara desert is are valuable information seeking skills. Those skills are not excluding one another. Learning various information seeking strategies is valuable per se and should be a skill thought at school.

Second, to bring it back to the e-Skills discussion, if the kid never learns how to use an index such as the one found in paper-based atlas, she might not be in the best place to design or invent that next fancy search algorithm that will beat PageRank by Page and Brin. Until PageRank, most of the search engines on the web were mere indices. Knowing how they work, and knowing how academic citations work, a new algorithm was invented that changed lots of things for the web. 

Third, about two decades into e-learning (or what ever term you would like to use), it's disappointing to hear that people/general audience still understand the use of ICT in education as doing the same old stuff, e.g. using a map, but just by using a digital tool instead of an analogue one. By now, we know that with such e-learning, kids do write more, more often and more efficiently. Which is nice too.

But that's not anything that transforms education. That's nothing that is harnessing the power of the web and ICTs for something that you could not do with analogue means so easily. Think of authentic opportunities to learn about new countries, culture and languages through ICT-enabled school collaboration. The new ways that you can discover big data available on the web thanks to information visualisation and other cool tools. Think of opportunities to discover space and follow up Mars exploration...I wish those were the inspiring examples that people talked about in these rare occasions that the use of ICTs in education is discussed in such panels.  

  

Tuesday, February 26, 2013

Big Data - not only for the rich

The BBC features a really nice 5 minute video on the topic of Big Data.
Data is increasingly defining us - from the information we share on the web, to that collected by the numerous companies with whom we interact. Intrigued by the sheer scales involved, photojournalist Rick Smolan wanted to see how data was transforming the world.

Here, as part of the BBC News - What If? season, take a look at his global snapshots - compiled in his book The Human Face of Big Data.
This is also a topic that we are thinking for education, too! But for the moment, finding such appealing examples of what good big data can do for education is still limited. That said, it does not mean that they are not worth investigating for! Learning Analytics is one application area of Big Data in the field of education. I'm just writing a book chapter with Professor Bettina Berendt on the topic - more about that in another post.    


Monday, February 25, 2013

Call for Papers on Advanced Learning Technologies, Open Educational Content, and Standards

I have a pleasure to be part of the Programme Committee of this sub-conference taking place in November 2013.
Advanced Learning Technologies, Open Educational Content, and Standards as part of International Conference on Computers in Education 2013 focuses on recent directions for the alignment of learning technologies, open contents, standards and their rising impact for research, growth and societal change. To accelerate this growth, it is important to realize there will always be more than one approach. From a general perspective, two complementary approaches exist. One is ‘top-down’, in which technologies are identified and implemented from the educational and business needs for effectiveness and quality; the other is ‘bottom-up’, in which emerging technologies are utilized in design and implementation of novel learning methodologies...read the whole call

The paper submission is due on May 6 2013, see the link for the entire call.

The scope of the conference will cover but not be limited to the following topics:
  • Open platforms, open educational resources (OERs), Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs),and open learning methods
  • International alliance for open source, open standards, and federated
    repositories
  • Repository and Network systems 
  • Technology standards for content, portfolios, learner information, and   competencies
  • Life cycle management of technical learning objects
  • New generations of educational technologies
  • Learning Analytics / Big Data
  • Web 2.0 and social computing for learning
  • Personalized educational and learning systems
  • Learning systems platforms and architectures
  • Advanced applications
  • E-learning, knowledge management and their organizational management
  • E-testing and new test theories
  • Automated assessments
  • Recommender systems
  • Learning content retrieval
  • New directions for standards development in the field of ICT and learning